Holostem poppy. Flowers and plants in alphabetical order Varietal perennial poppies

Poppy is a legendary flower, which has about 100 species. It is distributed throughout the world and is associated with many beliefs and customs. Moreover, each nation has completely different legends and signs associated with the poppy flower. For example, in Ancient Greece, flowers and poppy heads were personified with death, which is described in many legends and myths.

In Christian culture, poppy flowers, due to their bright red color, are associated with blood; it is argued that these flowers grow on the site of innocently shed blood. Among Catholics, poppies are considered the flowers of angels; they decorate churches and processions on the day of the Descent of the Holy Spirit.

In Rus', since ancient times, poppies have been sown to obtain seeds with which to bake buns or as an ornamental and medicinal plant. The Slavs also had a custom of pouring poppy seeds into the bride’s shoes so that she would not be childless.

About 25 types of poppy are grown in culture - these are annual, biennial and perennial herbaceous plants. Poppies can be tall up to 140 cm and low-growing 30-40 cm.

Very decorative oriental poppy native to the Caucasus and Asia Minor. This perennial frost-resistant plant has pinnately dissected leaves covered with stiff hairs. The basal leaves are large and small on the stem. The peduncle stem grows 60-80cm high. The flowers of the oriental poppy are very large, up to 20 cm in diameter, are red, white, orange, pink, always with a black spot at the base of the petals. This type of poppy blooms for 3-4 weeks in June.

Poppy sleeping pill- annual plant. The seeds of this poppy are used for baking, and narcotic substances are obtained from the milky juice; for this reason, growing this type of poppy is prohibited, only as an ornamental plant. Soporific poppy flowers are quite large, from 6 to 15 cm, cup-shaped, can be simple or double, peony-shaped, in various bright colors - red, purple, white or pink. This type of poppy blooms throughout July.

poppy- grown as an annual or biennial plant. It has basal pubescent leaves and a leafless stem-peduncle grows to a height of 30-40cm. Cup-shaped flowers up to 10 cm in diameter. When sown in summer, it will bloom all summer next year, and when sown in spring, it will bloom in the second half of summer. Be careful as all parts of this poppy are poisonous.

Alpine or mountain poppy- low-growing and miniature, well suited for decorating alpine slides and rockeries. Flowers are white or yellow up to 5 cm in diameter. Alpine poppy blooms in May - June.

Poppy self-seeding quite common, has a thin branching stem 40-80 cm high with flowers up to 7 cm in diameter in white, pink, red. Blooms from June to July.

Sowing of poppy is carried out immediately after collecting the seeds or in the spring. For sowing, it is better to immediately choose a permanent place, since poppy does not tolerate transplantation well. If you grow poppy through seedlings, it is better to plant it after the first two true leaves appear.

A sunny or lightly shaded location is best for poppies. Tall poppies require wind protection or additional support for flower stalks.

Poppy grows on any garden soil, but on fertile fertilized soil poppy blooms more abundantly and its flowers are much larger.

Poppy needs to be watered, but it does not tolerate stagnation of water and waterlogging. In waterlogged soil or during a long rainy period, it can develop powdery mildew or rot.

During flowering, faded flowers should be removed to prolong the flowering period. You can leave a few boxes and after ripening the seeds will disperse on their own; next year you will only need to thin out the seedlings.

Family: poppy

Motherland: Mediterranean

Bloom: Poppy blooms profusely from the end of May for 12-15 days. Under favorable conditions, it blooms a second time in August - September.

Poppy propagation

Seeds and cuttings. Method of planting seeds: without seedlings, seeds are sown in early spring; the seeds germinate in two weeks.

The soil

Sunny place, light soils, sandy soils, loams, slightly acidic, neutral

Top dressing

Complex fertilizers, compost-based fertilizers, manure.

Poppy care

Does not tolerate stagnant water well. The bushes grow greatly and if they are not tied up with support, they “fall apart” and lie in different directions. Low leaves that are close to the ground turn yellow and must be removed to preserve the decorative appearance of the bush. It is painful to tolerate transplantation - it is better to immediately plant it in a permanent place. Shelter for the winter is not required, it is winter-hardy.

Types of poppy

Oriental bract poppy (P. orientale x bracteatum) is a perennial up to 1 m in height with basal dissected pubescent leaves and straight stems. Flowers are deep red, 10-15 cm in diameter, marked with a dark burgundy spot at the base.

poppy

(M. Icelandic, M. Arctic) (P. nudicaule) is a perennial plant 50-75 cm in height with large flowers that come in different shades of cream, yellow, orange and red.

The leaves are gray-green, pubescent. Excellent for cutting. The Red Sails variety is red-orange in color with flowers 12 cm in diameter.

The Oregon Rainbow group is very decorative with delicate “silk” flowers, reaching 20 cm in diameter, which come in apricot, peach and pink shades with a cream or lemon yellow border.

Since the plant is very short-lived (2-3 years), it is often grown as a biennial.

Poppy sleeping pill

(m. opium) (P. somniferum) is an annual plant, reaching 120 cm in height, with beautiful light green leaves that have a pronounced waxy coating.

The color of simple goblet-shaped flowers is red, white, crimson or pink. An interesting variety of Danish Flag - the plant produces large red flowers with a cream cross in the middle and a jagged edge

Poppy somnolent peony

(P. somniferum paeony) - a terry variety of M. somniferum. Peony poppies grow up to one and a half meters, and their spherical flowers can reach 15 cm in diameter.

There are varieties with jagged edges of the petals. The color of the flowers is cream, salmon, all shades of red, carmine, even black (Black Peony).

There are varieties with jagged edges of the petals (Venus salmon pink, Flemish Antique - pink and red with cream stripes, Pink Bicolour - two-tone pink, Swansdown - snow white, Scarlet Paeony - bright red, etc.)

Alpine poppy

(P. alpinum L.) is a low perennial plant, reaching 20-50 cm in height, which forms a whole bunch of dissected leaves. The flowers are solitary, up to 4 cm in diameter, yellow, orange, red or white.

poppy

(P. rupifragum) is a small biennial plant up to 45 cm in height, growing naturally in the Caucasus and Asia Minor. The leaves of this poppy, like many others, are quite decorative in themselves. In the second year, at the end of spring - beginning of summer, many small (up to 2.5 cm in diameter) shiny flowers of orange-brick colors bloom on the plant.

Perennial herbaceous plant. Forms dense clumps. The stems are straight, 10-15 cm high. The leaves are strongly pinnately cut, narrow, bluish-green, collected in a basal rosette. The flowers are solitary, on the tips of the stems; up to 5 cm in diameter; pink, red, yellow or white. It blooms in May-June for more than two months. Gives self-seeding. Cultivated as an ornamental plant. Ideal for alpine slides. Suitable for growing in pots.

Papaver argemone L. - Argemone poppy

An annual herbaceous plant up to 40 cm tall. The stem is often branched from the base, with sparse appressed setae, and green. Basal leaves up to 20 cm long, double pinnately dissected, with spread segments with linear-lanceolate sessile lobes. The buds are oblong, up to 15 mm long. The flowers are red. Blooms in May - July. The fruit is clavate-cylindrical, usually a slightly widened capsule at the top, up to 20 mm long, protruding or semi-appressed bristly, or bare or completely bare at the bottom.

Papaver atlanticum (Ball) Coss. - Atlantic poppy

A herbaceous plant covered with long, stiff, white hairs. The leaves are bluish-gray in color and form a rosette. Flowers up to 5 cm in diameter; from dark orange to red. Atlantic poppy is grown as an ornamental plant.

Papaver bracteatum Lindl. - Poppy bract

Perennial herbaceous plant. Stems are 60-120 cm tall, erect, protruding at the bottom, pressed-bristly at the top, thick, strong. The leaves are pinnately dissected, with oblong-lanceolate segments, the edges of which are raised upward; up to 45 cm long. There are many stem leaves, they go almost to the flower itself or leave a short peduncle. The peduncle is thick, appressed-bristly, at the end just under the flower bears, in addition to two large, usually unequal, leaf-shaped, pinnately dissected bracts, several more (3-5) oval, leathery, entire, sometimes slightly lobed, appressed, short-edged and densely bristly sepal-shaped bracts, which have a rigid-membranous, comb-dissected border along the edge; the length of these bracts is 2-5 cm; sepals 3-4 cm long, sparsely pubescent with short appressed hairs; the corolla is very large; petals number 4-6, up to 10 cm long, blood-red, widely drawn out into a marigold, usually with a large elongated black spot at the base. Blooms in May - June. The fruit is an obovate large capsule; rays 15-18; the disc is flat, with elongated flat teeth.

Papaver chakassicum - Khakassian poppy

Perennial herbaceous plant. Forms small, dense turfs. The leaves are pinnately dissected, on thin long petioles. They can be entire-edged or with a few teeth. The pubescence is not dense, with semi-appressed hairs. The peduncles are also pubescent, up to 35 cm high. The flowers are yellow, 4-5 cm or more in diameter. The capsules are oblong or slightly widened in the middle part, barrel-shaped, covered with hairs, sometimes bare. Blooms in May - June. Grows in rocky and sandy steppes, on rocky slopes. Several locations are known in the Republic of Khakassia: Askizsky district - the vicinity of the villages of Kamyshta, Ust-Kamyshta, the Saksary mountain range; Shirinsky district - the vicinity of the village of Tuim. Currently, there is a sharp decline in numbers due to human economic activity. Listed in the Red Book of the Republic of Khakassia.

Anyone who has ever seen fields of blooming poppies will forever retain this beauty in their soul and may want to repeat a piece of the bright landscape on their own plot. Dreams should come true, especially since the variety of shapes and colors of annual and perennial garden poppies is so great, just choose! My article will tell you what kinds of poppies there are and how to grow them.

About perennial poppy...

One of the most famous perennial poppies is the oriental poppy (Papaver orientale). This perennial with large, carved, pubescent leaves blooms at the very beginning of summer. Its buds on tall, durable peduncles “flare up” with large scarlet flowers with silky petals and a velvety black center. The garden immediately transforms – you can’t look away! The poppy does not bloom for long, each flower lasts 2-3 days, but there are many buds, and they do not open at the same time, so flowering can last up to two weeks. Agree, it’s not too little to contemplate such a miracle. And modern varieties of oriental poppy bloom even longer. Among the varieties you can find colors that are not at all traditional for poppies, namely white, lilac, pink, coral, etc. The shape of the flowers has also undergone transformations - they are semi-double and double, with wide petals, classic and oblong, corrugated and fringed.

The poppy does not bloom for long, each flower lasts 2-3 days, but there are many buds, and they do not open at the same time, so flowering can last up to two weeks.

- a luxurious variety with terry corrugated salmon-colored petals and a black center. Peduncle about 75 cm tall.
– flowers are semi-double, bright red with a black center, diameter up to 18 cm. Plant height is about 60 cm.
Marcus Perry- flowers of a classic scarlet color with black spots at the base of the petals. Peduncle 90 cm high.
– flowers are white with an orange-red wide border, up to 18 cm in diameter.
– an original variety in pastel colors, semi-double flowers with narrow corrugated petals arranged in several rows. The color is very delicate and light, with a pink-lavender tint. Flower diameter up to 18 cm.
Patty's Plum– Dutch variety with purple flowers. It blooms for a long time (about a month).
- a Dutch variety with large flowers of a delicate salmon-pink color with a black spot at the base of the petals.

– this variety has white flowers with a burgundy spot at the base of the petals.
- a new variety of Dutch selection. A large double flower consists of many narrow light pink petals with lilac veins.
– a very bright variety with an unusual flower shape. The petals are orange-red, pressed with fringed edges, the center of the flower is black. Flower diameter up to 20 cm.

There are so many varieties, it’s impossible to list them all, but these are enough to appreciate the diversity.

How to grow oriental poppy

There are two ways to plant oriental poppy in your garden:

1. Buy seeds in specialized stores and sow them. The seeds are very small, it is better to mix them with sand to distribute them evenly over the soil. There is no need to sprinkle, just press down lightly with your palm and cover the crops with film until shoots appear. Then the seedlings are thinned out, first leaving a distance between them of 10 cm, and then about 20 cm. I talked in detail about the process of growing flowers from seeds in another. Seedlings bloom only the next year, and possibly the year after.

2. You can buy ready-made seedlings. You need to plant it immediately in a permanent place, since poppy does not like transplanting. If you have purchased a seedling, but it is too early to plant it in open ground, you can keep it in some container, for example a plastic bottle with holes in the bottom.

A mixture of garden soil and sand can be used as a substrate. Keep at a low positive temperature, periodically pour into the pan, after placing the container in a bowl with water. With the onset of stable weather, when the threat of frost has passed, very carefully, without destroying the lump, transplant poppy seedlings into the ground.

Poppies quickly gain vegetative mass, grow well and therefore require quite a lot of space. Take this into account when landing. The distance between adult plants should be about 50 cm. You should also take into account that after flowering the leaves of poppies quickly lose their decorative effect, so they need to be cut off to the very base. And to avoid voids, you can create a “cover group” of plants that actively grow and bloom in July. They will be an effective partner for poppies.

Poppies are undemanding to soil and grow in almost any soil. There are no special care requirements, they are resistant to diseases and pests, and frost-resistant. They grow in both sun and partial shade.

Easily propagated by seeds or root cuttings. This should be done in the spring: separate the cuttings from the upper part of the root, plant them in a permanent place, shade them and keep them in moderately moist soil.

About annual poppies...

Do you want poppies to continue blooming? Don't forget about annual poppies, among which the most win-win option is the self-seeded poppy (Papaver rhoeas). This species is also known as field poppy, wild flower and fire flower. This species is undemanding and blooms much longer than the oriental poppy, up to 2 months. Self-sowing poppy produces abundant self-seeding, therefore, once it appears in a flowerbed, it will remain there for a long time.

Self-sowing poppy produces abundant self-seeding, therefore, once it appears in a flowerbed, it will remain there for a long time.

There are many garden groups and varieties with different color shades and shapes. Typically, seeds are sold as mixtures of varieties of different groups:

● Shirley group varieties have pastel-colored flowers with white stamens. True, now any mixtures are offered under this name, so be careful when purchasing;
● in varieties of the Picotee group flowers with two-tone colors, and the Angel Choir group includes double varieties with ruffled petals, usually in pastel colors.

Very decorative varieties poppy sleeping pill, or opium (Papaver somniferum), among them there are two-color, peony-shaped and fringed. However, due to the known narcotic properties of this species and the associated ban on its cultivation on private farms, I do not recommend planting it even in small quantities. But oriental poppy and self-seeding do not contain opium, so you can safely grow them. In addition to the popular self-sowing plant, the following species are also grown as annuals.

Alpine poppy (P.alpinum)- a plant up to 15 cm high, the flowers resemble anemone, monochromatic with yellow stamens. Blooms for about 2 months.

poppy, or saffron (P. croceum), – 20–50 cm high with beautiful bluish carved leaves and flowers in yellow-orange tones. It blooms throughout the growing season - from spring to autumn.

Garden compositions with poppies

Poppies are modern guests in the garden, especially in combination with grains such as feather grass. This way they imitate the natural landscapes of the southern fields in June.

The oriental poppy, with its wide-spread, beautiful leaves and tall flower stalks, can act as a tapeworm on a lawn or lawn.

Perennial oriental poppy and its varieties look good in the company of conifers such as junipers and globular thujas, against which poppy flowers look especially expressive. Siberian irises of different colors are also suitable.

Planting scheme: poppies in combination with perennials

This composition uses cereals: reed grass in the background in the form of a dense screen, pennisetum and feather grass in the foreground. The main emphasis of the mixborder is the varieties of oriental poppy, namely: Queen Alexandra, Marcus Perry, Miss Piggy, Garden Glory. Among flowering perennials, we chose cornflower, lupine, carnation grass and bellflower as partners.

In my opinion, poppy is so self-sufficient that it is worthy of a solo role in any garden. A uniform green background is enough for the bright flowers to sparkle and attract attention. And if you cannot do without the proximity of other perennials, then give preference to simple flowers so as not to overshadow the elegant simplicity of the poppy color.

International scientific name

Papaver alpinum

Taxonomy
on Wikispecies

Images
on Wikimedia Commons


IPNI
TPL